慢性化脓性中耳炎患者耳鸣的特点及影响因素分析

The Characteristics of Tinnitus in Chronic Otitis Media and Influence Factors

宋勇莉;黄立桂;温立婷;陈阳;邱建华;查定军;

1:空军军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

2:解放军171医院耳鼻咽喉科

摘要
目的探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎患者耳鸣的发生率、特点及可能的影响因素。方法以2016年3月~2017年9月在空军军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科住院并接受手术治疗的慢性化脓性中耳炎或中耳胆脂瘤患者393例为研究对象,根据患者是否有耳鸣将患者分为耳鸣组和非耳鸣组,伴耳鸣患者均填写耳鸣病史调查表、耳鸣残疾量表(tinnitus handicap index,THI)和耳鸣严重程度评估量表(index of tinnitus serious,ITS),分析不同性别、年龄、病程、病变侧别、病变类型、手术次数、术前气骨导听阈、气骨导差、术中所见鼓室内病变及咽鼓管鼓口病变等因素与耳鸣发生的关系;采用Logistic回归分析可能导致耳鸣的危险因素。结果在393例患者中有149例(37.91%)患者伴发耳鸣,其中135例患者完成THI和ITS量表,结果显示耳鸣严重程度多较轻,以Ⅰ、Ⅱ级为主(THI分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级占69.63%,ITS分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级占70.37%),极重度患者少(THI分级Ⅴ级占1.48%,ITS分级Ⅴ级占2.22%)。耳鸣平均音调匹配为1 224±373.6Hz,响度为2.57±0.43dB HL(0~10dB HL)。咽鼓管鼓口病变患者耳鸣的发生率显著高于鼓口正常的患者(χ2=25.321,P<0.001);Logistic回归分析显示咽鼓管鼓口病变是慢性中耳炎患者发生耳鸣的危险因素(P<0.001,OR=3.339)。结论慢性中耳炎患者伴发耳鸣的程度多较轻,咽鼓管鼓口病变是慢性化脓性中耳炎患者发生耳鸣的可能危险因素。
关键词
慢性化脓性中耳炎;耳鸣;影响因素
基金项目(Foundation):
国家自然科学基金项目(81470695,81271077);; 973课题(2014CB541706)
作者
宋勇莉;黄立桂;温立婷;陈阳;邱建华;查定军;
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