人工耳蜗植入儿童心理健康调查问卷结果分析

The Preliminary Research on Mental Health with Cochlear Implanted Children

张静平;王巍;梁瑞敏;陈晨;孙桂兰;王悦;陈鱼;

1:天津市第一中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

摘要

目的评估人工耳蜗植入儿童的心理健康状况,为制定全面、个性化康复方案提供参考。方法将63例人工耳蜗植入儿童(64～68月龄33例,68.1～72月龄30例)按不同植入年龄分为<12月龄组12例,12～24月龄组21例,>24月龄组30例;按CI使用时间分为<7个月9例,7～12个月15例,>12个月39例。使用5～6岁幼儿心理健康调查问卷对这63例人工耳蜗植入儿童的动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面进行评分,将各领域平均得分与同龄听力正常儿童的合格标准值进行比较,分析人工耳蜗植入年龄和使用时间对得分的影响。结果 63例人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面的平均得分分别为3.95±1.53、10.00±2.55、1.48±0.68、6.14±1.42、7.81±2.04、10.52±3.47分;随着月龄增加患儿各领域得分逐渐提高,但与同龄听力正常儿童相比较各项的得分及合格率均较低;在认知能力方面不同月龄组患儿的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同人工耳蜗使用时间组患儿认知能力、语言方面的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),人工耳蜗使用时间越长,这两方面的得分越高;不同人工耳蜗植入年龄组患儿认知能力、社会性和语言三方面的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),CI植入年龄越小,得分越高。结论人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面的发展水平均落后于同龄听力正常儿童,人工耳蜗植入年龄和使用时间是影响其认知能力、语言等发展的重要因素。应根据CI儿童的心理状况制订客观的康复计划。

关键词

人工耳蜗;儿童;心理;认知

基金项目(Foundation):

天津市科学技术委员会基金项目(15JCYBJC27500)

作者

张静平;王巍;梁瑞敏;陈晨;孙桂兰;王悦;陈鱼;

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张静平王巍梁瑞敏陈晨孙桂兰王悦陈鱼