职业性噪声环境从业人员耳鸣状况调查

The Incidence of Tinnitus Among Occupational Noise Exposure Workers

谈晓文;汪琪璇;杨璐;汪雪玲;赵薇;黄治物;吴皓;

1:上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

2:上海交通大学医学院耳科学研究所

3:上海市耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室

4:上海市儿童听力障碍诊治中心

摘要
目的分析职业性噪声暴露人群的耳鸣发生率与噪声暴露时间、年龄、性别、听力损失等因素的关系。方法选择1 985例某造船厂中符合纳入标准的噪声暴露环境下工作130年的2030年的2060岁工人为研究对象,其中男1 831例,女154例,平均年龄为36.3±8.25岁;平均噪声暴露工龄9.1±6.5年,分别进行问卷调查及0.2560岁工人为研究对象,其中男1 831例,女154例,平均年龄为36.3±8.25岁;平均噪声暴露工龄9.1±6.5年,分别进行问卷调查及0.258kHz纯音听阈(PTA)检查,根据耳鸣自评严重程度将受试者分为轻度耳鸣、中度耳鸣、重度耳鸣及无耳鸣组,分析耳鸣与噪声暴露时间、年龄、性别、听力损失等因素的关系。结果 1 985例中耳鸣发生率为20.55%(408/1 985),其中轻度耳鸣367例(89.95%),中度耳鸣39例(9.56%),重度耳鸣2例(0.49%);轻度耳鸣和中度耳鸣的发生率均随噪声暴露时间的延长呈阶梯式上升;在<55岁人群中轻度耳鸣发生率随年龄的增长持续升高,>55岁年龄段人群中度耳鸣发生率较高;男性耳鸣发生率(389/1 831,21.25%)较女性(19/154,12.34%)高;各耳鸣组4和/或6kHz纯音气导听阈较无耳鸣组升高(P<0.01)。结论本组职业性噪声暴露者噪声暴露时间越长、年龄越大、男性发生耳鸣的概率更高;职业性噪声暴露主要引起轻度耳鸣,可伴4和/或6kHz纯音气导听阈升高。
关键词
耳鸣;噪声;噪声性听力损失
基金项目(Foundation):
国家自然科学基金重点项目(81330023);; 上海市耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室(14DZ2260300);; 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院院基金(15YJ03)资助
作者
谈晓文;汪琪璇;杨璐;汪雪玲;赵薇;黄治物;吴皓;
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