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噪声暴露对大鼠听皮层兴奋性及GABA和NMDA受体表达的影响

Noise Exposure Affects Auditory Cortex Responses and Expressions of GABA and NMDA Receptive

邓安春;孙伟;李谦;闫晶晶;阳俊杰;朱先柏;

1:陆军军医大学新桥医院耳鼻咽喉科

2:美国纽约州立大学布法罗分校耳聋与听力研究中心

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摘要

目的观察噪声暴露对大鼠听皮层兴奋性以及听皮层γ-氨基丁酸(γ-amino butyric acid,GABA)和N-甲基-天冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid,NMDA)受体表达的影响。方法将14只SD大鼠随机分为噪声暴露高剂量组(3只)、中剂量组(4只)、低剂量组(4只)和正常对照组(3只),高、中、低剂量噪声暴露组大鼠分别于125dB SPL白噪声暴露2小时、120dB SPL白噪声暴露1小时和90dB SPL白噪声暴露1小时,正常对照组不给予噪声暴露;在噪声暴露前、暴露后1小时、1天、3天、1周、2周行听性脑干反应(ABR)和声诱发听皮层放电率检测;运用蛋白免疫印迹技术检测听皮层兴奋性增强的大鼠以及对照组大鼠听皮层组织中GABA和NMDA两种受体亚型(GABAA、GABAB和NR2A、NR2B)的蛋白表达水平。结果所有噪声暴露组大鼠在暴露后1小时各频率ABR反应阈较暴露前显著提高,脱离噪声环境2周后,低、中剂量噪声暴露组各频率ABR反应阈恢复至暴露前水平,高剂量噪声暴露组ABR阈移未恢复。与暴露前相比,低剂量噪声暴露后大鼠听皮层放电率在各时间点未升高;中剂量噪声暴露后1小时听皮层放电率升高,2周后降低至暴露前水平;高剂量组噪声暴露后听皮层放电率在各时间点均降低。与对照组相比,噪声暴露后听皮层放电率升高的大鼠听皮层GABAA、GABAB、NR2A、NR2B受体表达水平均降低。结论 120dB SPL噪声暴露1小时可导致大鼠听皮层兴奋性增强,这可能与听皮层通过减少GABA抑制作用增强听觉中枢兴奋性来补偿外周听觉系统信号输入的减少有关。

关键词

噪声暴露;听觉皮层;声诱发电反应;γ-氨基丁酸

基金项目(Foundation):

作者

邓安春;孙伟;李谦;闫晶晶;阳俊杰;朱先柏;

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邓安春孙伟李谦闫晶晶阳俊杰朱先柏