耳蜗死区对感音神经性听力损失患者言语识别能力的影响

The Effects of Cochlear Dead Regions on Speech Recognition Ability in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss

韩一鸣;王永华;

1:浙江中医药大学

摘要
目的探究耳蜗死区在感音神经性听力损失(sensorineural hearing loss,SNHL)患者中的存在情况及其对言语识别能力的影响。方法采用纯音听阈测试筛选出41例(81耳)感音神经性听力损失患者,经均衡噪声阈值测试将患者分为有耳蜗死区组(35耳)和无耳蜗死区组(46耳),分别进行言语识别阈(SRT)和言语识别率(SDS)测试,分析81耳耳蜗死区的分布及其对言语识别能力的影响。结果 41例(81耳)感音神经性听力损失患耳中有35耳(43.21%,35/81)存在耳蜗死区,其中轻度SNHL患耳耳蜗死区检出率为0(0/11),中度SNHL患耳耳蜗死区检出率为24.1%(7/29),重度SNHL患耳耳蜗死区检出率为66.7%(24/36),极重度SNHL患耳耳蜗死区检出率为80.0%(4/5),不同听力损失程度耳耳蜗死区检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高频耳蜗死区(16耳)明显多于低频耳蜗死区(8耳),但两者的言语识别能力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有耳蜗死区患者的言语识别阈及言语识别率分别为61.63±16.76dB HL,86.35%±12.03%,无耳蜗死区的患者分别为75.54±9.56dB HL,64.97%±20.84%,二者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论听力损失越重,耳蜗死区检出率越高;高频耳蜗死区较低频常见,且存在耳蜗死区的感音神经性听力损失患者言语识别能力明显低于无耳蜗死区的患者。
关键词
耳蜗死区;感音神经性听力损失;均衡噪声阈值测试;言语识别率
基金项目(Foundation):
作者
韩一鸣;王永华;
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