老年性聋患者言语半球优势的功能磁共振成像研究

fMRI Study of Speech Processing in Presbycusis Patients

邓意红;陈贤明;梁永辉;王翠霞;罗萍;

1:南京军区福州总院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

2:福建医科大学福总临床学院

3:佛山市禅城区中心医院

摘要
目的应用血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像(blood oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging,BOLD-fMRI)研究老年性聋患者言语声刺激下听觉皮层激活的半球优势及耳别优势的变化。方法选取18例健康青年志愿者(青年组)、10例正常听力老年人(老年组)及10例老年性聋患者(老年性聋组)为研究对象,分别进行单音节言语任务下的fMRI检测,刺激声频率为1kHz,声强90±3dB SPL,进行大脑激活偏侧性分析,以偏侧化指数(laterality inelex,LI)表示,LI≥0.20为左侧大脑半球优势,LI≤-0.20为右侧大脑半球优势,-0.20≤LI≤0.20为双侧大脑半球优势;观察老年性聋患者半球优势变化(或耳别优势变化)。结果青年组左、右耳分别刺激时,偏侧化指数分别为-0.58、0.37;老年组左、右耳分别刺激时,偏侧化指数分别为-0.24、0.28,老年性聋组左、右耳刺激时,偏侧化指数分别为-0.18、0.25。左、右耳行听觉任务时,青年组耳别优势为1:2.06,表现为右耳(左脑)优势;老年组为1:1.51,老年性聋组为1:1.61,右耳优势减弱。结论青年人单耳刺激大脑皮层的激活存在明显的偏侧性,表现为对侧半球传导优势,并以左耳的对侧化传导更明显,衰老与耳聋后听皮层存在功能重组,出现对侧半球传导优势减弱的趋势。青年人行听觉任务时表现为右耳(左脑)优势,衰老后右耳优势减弱(左耳劣势增强),而这种变化可能是老年人言语识别能力下降的原因之一。
关键词
老年性聋;言语;听皮层;功能磁共振成像;偏侧化
基金项目(Foundation):
作者
邓意红;陈贤明;梁永辉;王翠霞;罗萍;
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