儿童急性化脓性中耳炎病原菌及药敏分析

Pathogenic Bacteria Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Children with Acute Otitis Media

郝丽丽;王智楠;张振;李隽;夏忠芳;

1:武汉市儿童医院耳鼻咽喉科

2:武汉市儿童医院检验科

摘要
目的探讨儿童急性化脓性中耳炎的病原菌分布及主要病原菌的药敏。方法回顾性分析武汉市儿童医院2012年1月1日2014年12月31日诊治的146例急性化脓性中耳炎患儿的临床资料,分析患儿中耳脓性分泌物的病原菌培养及药敏结果。结果 1146例患儿中,109例(74.66%)中耳脓性分泌物检出菌株,肺炎链球菌(streptococcus pneumoniae,SP)检出例数最多(64/109,58.72%),金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aureus,SA)次之(19/109,17.43%);2SP对万古霉素、左氧氟沙星、氯霉素较敏感(分别为100%,100%,95.08%),对青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢噻肟中度敏感(分别为35.08%,49.1%,59.65%),对红霉素、克林霉素、复方新诺明耐药性高;SA对万古霉素、四环素、阿米卡星敏感性高(分别为100%,100%,94.7%),对阿莫西林克拉维酸钾、头孢西丁、苯唑西林中度敏感(分别为68.4%,64.7%,68.4%),对青霉素及氨苄西林的耐药率100%,;3≤1岁组(61例)、>12014年12月31日诊治的146例急性化脓性中耳炎患儿的临床资料,分析患儿中耳脓性分泌物的病原菌培养及药敏结果。结果 1146例患儿中,109例(74.66%)中耳脓性分泌物检出菌株,肺炎链球菌(streptococcus pneumoniae,SP)检出例数最多(64/109,58.72%),金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aureus,SA)次之(19/109,17.43%);2SP对万古霉素、左氧氟沙星、氯霉素较敏感(分别为100%,100%,95.08%),对青霉素、阿莫西林、头孢噻肟中度敏感(分别为35.08%,49.1%,59.65%),对红霉素、克林霉素、复方新诺明耐药性高;SA对万古霉素、四环素、阿米卡星敏感性高(分别为100%,100%,94.7%),对阿莫西林克拉维酸钾、头孢西丁、苯唑西林中度敏感(分别为68.4%,64.7%,68.4%),对青霉素及氨苄西林的耐药率100%,;3≤1岁组(61例)、>13岁组(44例)、>3岁组(41例)的SP检出例数分别为31例(50.82%)、25例(56.82%)、8例(19.51%);≤1岁组、>13岁组(44例)、>3岁组(41例)的SP检出例数分别为31例(50.82%)、25例(56.82%)、8例(19.51%);≤1岁组、>13岁组的SP检出率显著高于>3岁组(χ2=14.073,P=0.001);42012(53例)、2013(45例)、2014年(48例)SP的检出例数分别为16例(30.19%)、22例(48.89%)、26例(54.17%),检出率逐年增高(χ2=6.557,P=0.038)。不同年份SP对抗菌药物的敏感度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但耐药率有逐年降低的趋势。结论 SP是本组对象中小于3岁的急性化脓性中耳炎患儿的主要致病菌,近3年该菌检出率逐年增高,其对抗菌药物敏感性较稳定。
关键词
急性中耳炎;化脓性;儿童;药物敏感性;肺炎链球菌
基金项目(Foundation):
湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2014CKB511)资助
作者
郝丽丽;王智楠;张振;李隽;夏忠芳;
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