回声定位蝙蝠耳蜗听黄斑区毛细胞形态研究

Study on the Hair Cells Shape in the Auditory Fovea of the Echolocation Bat's Cochlea

李胜利;赵谦;任田英;张少强;闫利英;刘思伟;王婉莹;朱宏亮;

1:西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院科研实验中心

2:西安交通大学神经科学研究中心

3:西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

4:西安交通大学医学院听觉研究所

摘要
目的观察蝙蝠耳蜗听黄斑毛细胞的特化形态结构,以探讨听黄斑区毛细胞对蝙蝠回声定位回声频率的敏锐调谐、放大和频率选择的作用。方法选用听力正常的蹄蝠(22只)、菊头蝠(64只)和犬吻蝠(10只),分别检测其ABR各频率反应阈,对耳蜗基底膜毛细胞进行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察。结果三种蝙蝠ABR反应阈值除最佳频率外,均在35 dB SPL以上,菊头蝠、蹄蝠、犬吻蝠反应幅值最大及最敏锐调谐频率分别为83~86、60~62、20~28 kHz。回声定位蝙蝠耳蜗听黄斑区外毛细胞胞体(OHC)呈纺锤形或烧瓶形,明显不同于非回声定位哺乳动物的长圆柱形外毛细胞形态。结论回声定位蝙蝠耳蜗听黄斑OHC的形态特化特征支持其OHC作为耳蜗阻尼机制的结论,OHC的这种形态特化与其他耳蜗微机械结构的匹配有利于耳蜗前行波的传导。
关键词
蝙蝠;听黄斑;毛细胞;行波;回声定位
基金项目(Foundation):
作者
李胜利;赵谦;任田英;张少强;闫利英;刘思伟;王婉莹;朱宏亮;
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