1 Borisov AB,Dedkov EI,Carlson BM.Interrelations of myogenic re-sponse,progressive atrophy of muscle fibers,and cell death in den-ervated skeletal muscle[J].Anat Rec,2001,264:203.

2 Saika T,Senba E,Noguchi K,et al.Effects of nerve crush andtransection on mRNA levels for nerve growth factor receptorin the rat facial motoneurons[J].Brain Res Mol Brain Res,1991,9:157.

3 Abe S,Mizusawa I,Kanno K,et al.Induction of nerve growthfactor mRNA in a rat dorsal root ganglion after application of atourniquet[J].Acta Neuropathol(Berl),2004,108:183.

4 Roux PP,Bhakar AL,Kennedy TM,et al.The P75 neurotro-phin receptor activates AKt(Protein Kinase B)through a phos-phatidy linositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway[J].Biolchem,2001,276:23 097.

5 Squinto SP,Stitt TN,Aldrich TH,et al.TrkB encodes a func-tional receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neu-rotrophin-3 but not nerve growth factor[J].Cell,1991,65:885.

6 Henderson CE,Camu W,Mettling C,et al.Neurotrophins pro-mote motor neuron survival and are present in embryonic limbbud[J].Nature,1993,363:266.

7 Tonra JR,Curtis R,Wong V,et al.Axotomy upregulates theanterograde transport and expression of brain-derived neuro-trophic factor by sensory neurons[J].J Neurosci,1998,18:4 374.

8 Al-Majed AA,Tam SL,Gordon T.Electrical stimulation ac-celerates and enhances expression of regeneration associatedgenes in regenerating rat femoral motoneurons[J].Cell MolNeurobiol,2004,24,379.

9 Fu AK,Ip FC,Lai KO,et al.Muscle-derived neurotrophin-3 increases the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors in neu-ron-muscle co-cultures[J].Neuroreport,1997,8:3 895.

10 Nitta A,Ohmiya M,Jin-nouchi T,et al.Endogenous neu-rotrophin-3 is retrogradely transported in the rat sciaticnerve[J].Neuroscience,1999,88:679.

11 Escandon E,Soppet D,Rosenthal A,et al.Regulation ofneurotrophin receptor expression during embryonic and post-natal development[J].J Neurosci,1994,14:2 054.

12 English AW,Meador W,Carrasco DI.Neurotrophin-4/5 isrequired for the early growth of regenerating axons in periph-eral nerves[J].Eur J Neurosci,2005,21,2 624.

13 Wells DG,Mc Kechnie BA,Kelkar S,et al.Neurotrophinsregulate agrin-induced postsynaptic differentiation[J].ProcNatl Acad Sci USA,1999,96:1 112.

14 Iwase T,Jung CG,Bae H,et al.Glial cell line-derived neu-rotrophic factor-induced signaling in Schwann cells[J].JNeurochem,2005,94,1 488.

15 Lie DC,Weis J.GDNF expression is increased in denervatedhuman skeletal muscle[J].Neurosci Lett,1998,250:87.

16 Yao M,Moir MS,Wang MZ,et al.Peripheral nerve regener-ation in CNTF knockout mice[J].Laryngoscope,1999,109,1 263.

17 Mahanthappa NK,Anton ES,Matthew WD.Glial growthfactor 2,a soluble neuregulin,directly increases Schwann cellmotility and indirectly promotes neurite outgrowth[J].JNeurosci,1996,16,4 673.

18 Saito K,Shiotani A,Watabe K,et al.Adenoviral GDNFgene transfer prevents motoneuron loss in the nucleus ambig-uus[J].Brain Res,2003,962:61.

19 Araki K,Shiotani A,Watabe K,et al.Adenoviral GDNFgene transfer enhances neurofunctional recovery after recur-rent laryngeal nerve injury[J].Gene Ther,2006,13:296.

20 Kingham PJ,Birchall MA,Terenghi G.Neurotrophin ex-pression in laryngeal muscles following denervation and rein-nervation[J].J Peri Nerv Sys,2005b,10(Suppl):41.

21 Grimpe B,Silver J.The extracellular matrix in axon regen-eration[J].Prog Brain Res,2002,137:333.

22 Archibald SJ,Krarup C,Shefner J,et al.A collagen-basednerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve repair:an electro-physiological study of nerve regeneration in rodents and non-human primates[J].J Comp Neurol,1991,306:685.

23 Kitahara AK,Suzuki Y,Qi P,et al.Facial nerve repair u-sing a collagen conduit in cats[J].Scand J Plast ReconstrSurg Hand Surg,1999,33:187.

24 Yoshii S,Oka M.Collagen filaments as a scaffold for nerveregeneration[J].J Biomed Mater Res,2001,56:400.

25 Utley DS,Lewin SL,Cheng ET,et al.Brain-derived neu-rotrophic factor and collagen tubulization enhance functionalrecovery after peripheral nerve transection and repair[J].Arch Otolaryngol Head NeckSurg,1996,122:407.

26 Ho PR,Coan GM,Cheng ET,et al.Repair with collagentubules linked with brain-derived neurotrophic factor andciliary neurotrophic factor in a rat sciatic nerve injury model[J].Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,1998,124:761.

27 Labrador RO,Buti M,Navarro X.Influence of collagen andlaminin gels concentration on nerve regeneration after resec-tion and tube repair[J].Exp Neurol,1998,149:243.

28 Hazari A,Wiberg M,Johansson-Ruden G,et al.A resorb-able nerve conduit as an alternative to nerve autograft innerve gap repair[J].Br J Plast Surg,1999,52:653.

29 Mosahebi A,Woodward B,Wiberg M,et al.Retroviral la-beling of Schwann cells:in vitro characterization and in vivotransplantation to improve peripheral nerve regeneration[J].Glia,2001,34:8.

30 Mosahebi A,Fuller P,Wiberg M,et al.Effect of allogeneicSchwann cell transplantation on peripheral nerve regeneration[J].Exp Neurol,2002,173:213.

31 Mohanna PN,Terenghi G,Wiberg M.Composite PHB-GGF conduit for long nerve gap repair:a long-term evalua-tion[J].Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg,2005,39:129.

32 Birchall M,Idowu B,Murison P,et al.Laryngeal abductormuscle reinnervation in a pig model[J].Acta Otolaryngol,2004,124:839.

33 Zealear DL,Billante CR,Courey MS,et al.Reanimation ofthe paralyzed human larynx with an implantable electricalstimulation device[J].Laryngoscope,2003,113:1 149.