一个遗传性聋伴前庭功能障碍家系的表型研究与相关基因探讨

A Study of Audiological Characteristics and Gene Mutations in a Family with Hereditary Hearing Impairment and Vestibular Dysfunction

刘玉和;马祎楠;柯肖枚;钟贞;戚豫;肖水芳;

1:北京大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

2:北京大学第一医院中心实验室

摘要
目的分析一个遗传性聋伴前庭功能障碍家系的表型特征,并探讨该家系的相关致病基因。方法对门诊发现的1例渐进性聋伴眩晕患者进行家系调查、病史资料采集、常规检查、听力学及前庭功能检查。听力学检查包括纯音测听、声导抗,前庭功能检查为冷热水试验。采集家系成员外周血DNA,采用聚合酶链反应(poly-merase chain reaction,PCR)扩增-直接测序法对POU3F4基因和COCH基因进行全部编码序列突变检测。结果该家系共4代28人,现存3代26人,主诉听力障碍者4人,耳聋患者均为正常女性后代中的男性,表现出隔代交叉遗传特征。耳聋患者出生时听力正常,610岁出现听力减退,并同时出现眩晕,走路不稳感。其中2人听力快速恶化,言语能力差,纯音测听为双耳对称的重度-极重度感音神经性听力损失,另外2人表现为高频下降型听力曲线。4名耳聋患者前庭功能低下或丧失。家系成员基因测序结果显示在POU3F4基因和COCH基因中均未检测到突变。结论本研究家系为非综合征型聋并前庭功能异常的家系,符合X-连锁隐性遗传特征规律,遗传方式最终确定有赖于进一步的分子遗传学研究。该家系患者高度一致的表型特征提示为单一基因致病,但筛查目前与这一表型相关的POU3F4基因和COCH基因未发现突变,可能存在其他与这一表型相关的基因。
关键词
基因;突变;聋;遗传性;前庭
基金项目(Foundation):
作者
刘玉和;马祎楠;柯肖枚;钟贞;戚豫;肖水芳;
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