迟发性听觉剥夺效应及与助听器佩戴的关系(英文)

Effects of Late -Onset Auditory Deprivation—Implications for Hearing Aid Fittings

Jill Iles

1:SchoolofHumanCommunicationDisorderDalhousieUniversity HalifaxCanada

摘要

脑的认知功能依赖于外周神经系统的感觉输入 ,在听觉系统中 ,外周听器损伤可以立即导致与损伤程度密切相关的听觉功能障碍 ,从而严重影响言语识别能力。本文所讨论迟发性听觉剥夺效应 (Late onsetanditorydeprivation)与听力损失程度无关。例如 ,对称性听力损失患者如果单耳佩戴助听器 ,一段时间以后 ,助听耳的言语识别能力将得以改善 ,但这种改善并非在佩戴助听器后立即发生 ,因此不能简单归因于听觉放大本身 ,相反 ,非助听耳的言语识别能力却发生与听力损失无关的进一步下降。这种迟发性听觉剥夺效应源于外周信号输入改变后听觉中枢功能的改变 ,是使用依赖性认知功能重塑的结果。但迟发性听觉剥夺效应不会发生在双耳佩戴助听器的患者。本文对多种迟发性听觉剥夺效应的认识发展过程、可逆性以及可能的机制进行了系统回顾分析 ,并对迟发性听觉剥夺效应对助听器佩戴的影响、今后的研究发展方向以及其临床应用价值进行了探讨。

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Jill Iles

参考文献

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