外耳道真菌病致病曲霉菌菌种鉴定及药物敏感性检测

Identification of Pathogenic Aspergillus Strains for Otomycosis and Detection of Drug Sensitivity

毛承刚;彭丹;孔梦丹;孙毅;沈敏;廖魏祖;万俐佳

1:长江大学附属荆州医院

2:荆州市中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

3:长江大学附属荆州医院荆州市中心医院皮肤科

摘要
目的 鉴定外耳道真菌病的致病曲霉菌种,并检测它们对常用抗真菌药物的敏感性。方法 收集2020年10月至2021年5月诊断为外耳道真菌病的94例患者,外耳道分离真菌检测均为曲霉菌,采集患者外耳道排出物,行真菌涂片荧光染色镜检,同时行真菌培养,对培养后的菌落提取真菌DNA行ITS区扩增并测序分析。选取4种常用的抗真菌药联苯咔唑(PCB)、克霉唑(CLO)、特比萘芬(TRB)和伊曲康唑(ITR)行抗真菌药物敏感性检测。结果 94例患者外耳道真菌病患者中共分离获得5种曲霉菌,其中土曲霉菌48株(51.1%),黄曲霉菌25株(26.6%),黑曲霉菌13株(13.8%),烟曲霉菌7株(7.4%),花斑菌霉菌1株(1.1%)。药敏结果显示,22株黄曲霉菌对PCB耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率88.0%;7株对CLO耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率28.0%。黑曲霉菌4株对PCB耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率30.8%;5株对CLO耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率38.5%。烟曲霉菌2株对PCB耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率28.6%;2株对CLO耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率28.6%。土曲霉菌4株对PCB耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率8.3%;17株对CLO耐药(MIC>16μg/ml),耐药率35.4%。所有曲霉菌仅有1株黑曲霉菌对ITR耐药(MIC>8μg/ml),1株土霉菌对TRB耐药(MIC>8μg/ml)。结论 土曲霉菌是本组外耳道真菌病患者分离出的最常见的曲霉菌菌种。曲霉菌对PCB和CLO耐药率相对偏高,而对TRB和ITR耐药率极低,故治疗外耳道真菌病时应首选TRB或ITR。
关键词
外耳道真菌病;曲霉菌;药物敏感试验
基金项目(Foundation):
湖北省自然科学基金(2019CFB567);; 湖北省卫计委科研项目(2021M261)
作者
毛承刚;彭丹;孔梦丹;孙毅;沈敏;廖魏祖;万俐佳
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