临床听力检测掩蔽的原理分析

Analysis of the Masking Principle in Clinical Audiometry

张梦茜;赵立东;曾宪海;李娟娟

1:深圳市龙岗区耳鼻咽喉医院

2:深圳市耳鼻咽喉研究所

3:中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部

4:听觉与平衡觉全国重点实验室

摘要
掩蔽是评估听觉功能的重要方法,但一直是临床听力学测试中的难点。这主要是由于长期以来对于掩蔽的生物学机制的研究还不够深入,对于掩蔽产生的原理理解不足导致的。本文从基底膜的共振模式改变、耳蜗外毛细胞感受器电位的两音抑制效应、多巴胺受体兴奋性和抑制性递质失去平衡以及神经放电锁相现象紊乱,这四个方面阐述临床听力检测掩蔽产生的神经生物学基本原理;过度掩蔽是由于耳蜗外毛细胞能动性的对侧抑制效应增强所致。期望为临床听力师或医师正确使用掩蔽提供进一步帮助。
关键词
行波理论;两音抑制;多巴胺受体;锁相现象;OAE对侧抑制
基金项目(Foundation):
深圳市医学重点学科(SZXK039);; 龙岗区医学重点学科和深圳市龙岗区科技创新专项(LGKCYLWS2023003)
作者
张梦茜;赵立东;曾宪海;李娟娟
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