先天性与后天性单侧聋患者噪声下言语识别能力差异的研究

A study of differences in speech recognition in noise between patients with congenital and acquired single-sided deafness

刘乔雨;乔宇斐;杨佳燕;孙雯;朱敏;商莹莹

1:北京协和医院耳鼻喉科

摘要
目的 探讨先天性与后天性单侧聋患者在噪声下言语识别能力的差异。方法 以先天性单侧聋组(31例)和后天性单侧聋组(31例)及31例听力正常人(对照组)为研究对象,对各组进行噪声下言语识别能力测试,比较各组间噪声下言语识别能力的差异。结果 后天性单侧聋患者噪声下言语识别阈显著高于先天性单侧聋患者(P<0.01),且这两者均显著高于听力正常组(P<0.01);左侧与右侧先天性单侧聋患者之间的言语识别阈亦有显著差异(P<0.01)。在信噪比为0 dB和-2 dB的条件下,后天性单侧聋患者噪声下言语识别率显著低于先天性单侧聋患者和听力正常组(P<0.01),先天性单侧聋患者与听力正常组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论 先天性单侧聋患者噪声下言语识别能力较后天性单侧聋患者强,提示其有更好的中枢功能代偿。耳聋侧别也会影响先天性单侧聋患者的言语识别能力。
关键词
单侧聋;噪声下言语识别;先天性;后天性
基金项目(Foundation):
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82171156、32371051);; 中央高水平医院临床科研专项(2022-PUMCH-A-002、2022-PUMCH-B-095)
作者
刘乔雨;乔宇斐;杨佳燕;孙雯;朱敏;商莹莹
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