助听器常见失真的形成机理、测量方法与消除途径

Formation mechanisms,measurement methods,and elimination approaches of common distortions in hearing aids

张戌宝

1:Unitron Sonova研发部

摘要

助听器常见失真包括非线性失真、频率失真和延迟失真。本文围绕这三种失真，系统阐述A类、AB类、D类功率放大器、发声器及宽动态范围压缩运算引发非线性失真的形成机理；揭示传统方向性麦克风6 dB/octave频响斜率导致的严重频率失真；开放耳适配的条件下，测出电声延时通路与通气管直通路输出的混合声音导致梳状滤波器效应和语音着色。遵循IEC 60118国际标准和GB/T 25102.7-2017国家标准，介绍总谐波失真、互调失真的测量方法与指标；建立MATLAB仿真实验，用真实语音进行方向性麦克风频率失真和助听器延迟失真的客观、主观测量、评估。在此基础上，给出D类功率放大器芯片级失真控制、浮动线性放大器、多频道补偿的均衡方向性麦克风、数字信号处理高采样率策略、优选滤波器结构等技术，消除失真并提升语音自然性。

关键词

非线性失真;频率失真;延迟失真;D类放大器

基金项目(Foundation):

作者

张戌宝

参考文献

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非线性失真频率失真延迟失真 D类放大器

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张戌宝