先天性外耳道狭窄或闭锁的手术治疗

肖玲;丁玲;江英;陈成;庞颖;索风涛;张峰;苏述平;

1:重庆医科大学附属儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地儿科学重庆市重点实验室

摘要
目的探讨先天性外耳道狭窄或闭锁的手术方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析54例先天性外耳道狭窄或闭锁行外耳道成形术和/或鼓室成形术患儿的临床资料,收集其病史、颞骨CT、听力学检查资料,将其分为外耳道狭窄组(23例25耳)和外耳道闭锁组(31例33耳),分别行外耳道成形术和/或鼓室成形术,术中均取腹股沟游离皮瓣,自制改良菱形皮瓣制备外耳道皮筒,凡士林抗生素纱条紧密填塞固定外耳道移植皮瓣,术后2周取出,更换膨胀海绵支撑固定6个月,随访观察术后两组新外耳道的状态、听力变化和并发症情况,分析手术技巧及疗效。结果两组患儿术后6个月及1年听力较术前均有所提高,术后6个月提高更明显(P<0.05)。术后最常见的并发症为外耳道再狭窄或再闭锁,而闭锁组再狭窄、再闭锁的发生率(分别为5.15%,5/33;12.12%,4/33)高于狭窄组(分别为8.00%,2/25;0,0),术后2组合计外耳道再狭窄率为12.07%(7/58),再闭锁率为6.90%(4/58)。结论外耳道成形术是先天性外耳道闭锁或狭窄的有效手术方法,但再狭窄或闭锁仍是术后主要并发症;而术中采用腹股沟皮瓣自制皮筒,改良外耳道皮瓣,用膨胀海绵支撑固定6个月对预防再狭窄或闭锁有一定作用。
关键词
先天性;外耳道狭窄;外耳道闭锁;外耳道成形
基金项目(Foundation):
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2020jscx-msx0110)
作者
肖玲;丁玲;江英;陈成;庞颖;索风涛;张峰;苏述平;
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