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轻度自闭症儿童汉语词汇联想特征研究

Characteristics of Chinese Word Association in Children with Mild Autism

杨金焕;郑荔;冯晨;张秀琴;盛欐;

1:南京师范大学文学院

2:南京师范大学教育科学学院

3:日照职业技术学院人文与旅游学院

4:南京中医药大学医学院

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摘要

目的探讨轻度自闭症儿童汉语词汇联想的特征和词汇语义组织的特点,分析其影响因素。方法选取3组4～7岁受试者,分别为:轻度自闭症儿童(mild autism spectrum disorder children, MASD儿童)(月龄66.10±13.38月)、实龄匹配的正常儿童(typically developing age-matched children, AM儿童)(月龄67.16±11.45月)和生理年龄较小的词汇水平匹配的正常儿童(typically developing vocabulary proficiency matched younger children, VM儿童)(月龄44.30±3.34月),每组25例,进行汉语词汇联想测试。结果 MASD儿童词汇语义联系(54.4%)低于AM儿童和VM儿童(分别为56.7%、77.1%);纵聚合联系(52.8%)高于AM儿童和VM儿童(分别为46.2%、35.1%);MASD儿童横组合联系(37.6%)低于AM儿童和VM儿童(分别为46.7%、62.6%)(均为P<0.05)。词性主效应显著[F(2,72)=33.025,P<0.001,η2=0.314];受试者类型和词性的交互效应显著[F(2,72)=17.096,P<0.001,η2=0.314];受试者类型和词性的交互效应显著[F(2,72)=17.096,P<0.001,η2=0.322];反应顺序主效应显著[F(2,72)=146.916,P<0.001,η2=0.322];反应顺序主效应显著[F(2,72)=146.916,P<0.001,η2=0.671];受试者类型与反应顺序交互效应显著[F(2,72)=8.688,P<0.001,η2=0.671];受试者类型与反应顺序交互效应显著[F(2,72)=8.688,P<0.001,η2=0.343]。结论轻度自闭症儿童词汇联想呈现词汇语义组织整体存在缺陷,但聚合联系较好,而组合联系缺陷明显;词性和词汇涟漪效应对轻度自闭症儿童词汇语义组织存在影响,名词语义发展优于动词和形容词,词汇语义响应数量随着反应顺序而减少。

关键词

轻度自闭症;词汇联想;词汇语义组织;聚合联系;组合联系

基金项目(Foundation):

国家社科基金教育学一般课题（BHA170153）;; 2017年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目（17YJAZH132）

作者

杨金焕;郑荔;冯晨;张秀琴;盛欐;

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