空间注意在视听觉信息处理中的调控机制研究

Research on the Regulation Mechanism of Spatial Attention in Visual and Auditory Information Processing

林萌;王松建;李春林;张娟;王宁宇;屈晶晶;张旭;

1:首都医科大学生物医学工程学院

2:首都医科大学临床生物力学应用基础研究北京市重点实验室

3:首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院

4:焦作市第二人民医院心内一区

摘要
目的探讨注意力在调节视听觉空间信息处理的过程中,单双通道分配外界信息时的脑活动差异。方法以25例健康右利手男性(年龄21~26岁,视力或矫正视力≥1.0,纯音听阈正常)为研究对象,应用任务态功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI),观察受试者执行基于Posner范式的单双通道视听觉空间选择性注意任务时,其注意力在调节空间信息分配时的脑活动差异。结果 (1)单、双通道与视、听觉的交互作用具有显著性(P=0.024),脑活动主要位于左侧顶下小叶(inferior parietal lobe, IPL);(2)注意力分配在视觉和听觉任务(无论单双通道)间的差异有统计学意义(P=4.9×10(-5)),相关脑活动主要位于双侧颞中回(middle temporal gyrus, MTG)和右侧额中回(middle frontal gyrus, MFG);(3)对比视、听觉在单双通道的差异激活表明,视觉信息的干扰抑制了听觉任务,脑活动位于背侧额顶网络(frontoparietal network, FPN)、脑岛(insula, INS)、颞上沟/回(Superior temporal sulcus/gyrus, STS/STG),而在视觉任务中未发现相似的脑活动。结论视觉和听觉在外界信息处理的过程中,存在视觉信息选择性优势;而在听觉信息的加工过程中,由于视觉信息的选择性优势,大脑会分配注意力对听觉进行视觉信息的整合。
关键词
视听整合;选择性空间注意;功能磁共振成像
基金项目(Foundation):
国家自然科学基金(81771909,81900934)资助
作者
林萌;王松建;李春林;张娟;王宁宇;屈晶晶;张旭;
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