听力正常学龄前儿童宽频声导抗测试声能吸收率的研究

Study of the Wideband Absorbance in Chinese Pre-school Children with Normal Hearing

郭倩倩;姚红兵;孙雪瑶;庄若宵;邹彬;

1:重庆医科大学附属儿童医院耳鼻喉科

2:山西省儿童医院山西省妇幼保健院耳鼻喉科

摘要
目的分析外中耳正常学龄前儿童宽频声导抗测试声能吸收率(wideband absorbance, WBA)特点。方法选取听力正常学龄前儿童602例(1 015耳,年龄2~7岁,平均4.39岁),其中男325例,女277例,根据年龄将所有受试儿童分为5组,2岁组:男25例,女18例;3岁组:男75例,女83例;4岁组:男131例,女93例;5岁组:男74例,女70例;6岁组:男18例,女15例;对所有受试儿童进行环境压力0 daPa下和峰压下WBA测试,比较各组结果。结果各年龄组儿童在外耳道压力为0 daPa和峰压时,均表现为中低频(226~4 000 Hz)时WBA随频率增大而增大,4 490 Hz处达最大,之后随频率增大WBA逐渐减小。两种压力下,2岁组、3岁组、4岁组在1 000 Hz以下频率WBA低于5岁组和6岁组(P<0.05),在1 000 Hz及以上频率各年龄组间WBA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各年龄组儿童在226~1 000 Hz外耳道压力为0 daPa时WBA明显小于峰压时,4 000~8 000 Hz则大于峰压时(均为P<0.05),2 000 Hz处两种压力下WBA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别受试者WBA在中低频(226~2 000 Hz)差异显著,两种测试压力下,男童WBA均稍高于女童(P<0.05);左右耳WBA无差异。结论听力正常学龄前儿童WBA频率-吸收率曲线为不对称"M"型;频率、年龄、外耳道不同压力、性别均可影响声能吸收率;耳别对声能吸收率无明显影响。
关键词
学龄前儿童;听力正常;宽频声导抗测试声能吸收率
基金项目(Foundation):
作者
郭倩倩;姚红兵;孙雪瑶;庄若宵;邹彬;
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